What occurs during a kernel panic?

During a kernel panic, the kernel detects an internal fatal error that it cannot safely recover from. This situation typically arises when the operating system encounters a serious problem that compromises its ability to function reliably. For instance, it might be due to issues such as corrupted memory, hardware malfunctions, or critical software bugs.

When a kernel panic occurs, the system usually halts all operations to prevent further damage or data loss. This is crucial because continuing to operate under these conditions could lead to system instability and could complicate recovery efforts. Unlike routine maintenance or a restart procedure, which may still leave the system in a usable state, a kernel panic signifies a critical failure that requires immediate attention to diagnose and remedy the root cause of the error.